In my case, I have a SawStop Industrial Cabinet Saw with an additional 10″ cast iron wing that has some rust forming on it.  It’s not too bad but I should definitely do something about it.  You can see a big greasy hand print right on my right miter slot.  (How that happened is a long story but rest assured, our lights work now.)

A close-up of the hand print shows that it isn’t pitting yet so it should mostly come off.

The paw prints are a bit more severe.  I don’t see any pitting but I won’t know for sure until I scrub it away.

Here are a few more paw prints.

I don’t know exactly what caused these rust bands but I am assuming that this is from moisture being locked under boards that sat on the table top for a day or two.  This is why you shouldn’t leave wood sitting on cast iron overnight, especially during the summer.

Another mysterious rust spot.  It isn’t too bad so it should mostly come off.

Some people prefer to use 0000 steel wool to remove rust, and it will do a pretty good job.  Personally, I prefer to use Scotch-Brite 7448 pads.  These are the grey pads, not the green ones you use in your kitchen.  They are the same grit as 0000 Steel Wool but you can use a sanding block to apply even pressure over the entire pad.  This is a lot harder to do with steel wool.

The grey Scotch-Brite pads are pretty big so I prefer to cut them in half.  A box of these will last a long time and can be used on pretty much any tool with a cast-iron top.  I also use them for woodturning in place of steel wool.

I’m going to be applying WD-40 and it tends to splatter.  I’m not a big fan of getting that gunk off of my wooden extension table so I am going to tape it off to protect it.  I start by laying down some blue shop towels along the edge of the extension table.

I then use some blue painters tape to mark off the end of the extension table and secure the shop towels down.  This should help protect it during the next step.

Next, I apply a generous coating of WD-40 to the entire table top.  You want to let it sit for a while so it can penetrate the iron and start to break apart the rust and even some of the slight discoloration that cast iron can sometimes get.  I will typically let it sit for at least 15 minutes but in this case I let it sit for about an hour and a half.

After it has sat like this for a while, I take my grey Scotch-Brite pad and a hand pad holder, or in my case I just use a scrap block of 2 X 4 and start scrubbing.

You should scrub in a front-to-back-to-front motion.  Try not to focus on one little spot since that will lead to an inconsistent shiny spot.  Instead, use some elbow grease and cover the entire depth of the cast iron.

I like to scrub until I at least get a dark slurry started.  It will typically require more scrubbing if your table top is as rusty as mine was.

After tackling the entire table top, I do the bulk of the clean-up with blue shop towels.  The table top should look a lot better at this point.

If rust sits for a while it can permanently discolor the cast iron.  You can see this here.  The rust is gone but the iron is stained.  Personally, I’m cool with this.  It doesn’t affect the usability of the saw.

The hand print is mostly gone.  I can still see a slight shadow but you have to know it’s there in order to see it.

Surprisingly, the paw prints are completely gone.  I thought these were going to be there forever.

Technically, you can stop here.  I find that no matter how much I scrub with shop towels I can never quite get all the WD-40 up.  This leaves a slightly greasy feeling to the table top which can transfer to the material you are cutting.  I find that the best way to clean this up is with denatured alcohol.

I start by pouring some denatured alcohol on the table top.  This picture may be cringe-worthy but worry not.  This won’t cause your table to get rusty at all.  Then, use a shop towel to wipe it all up.  This should get the rest of the WD-40 off the cast iron.

The cast iron is now completely exposed and needs to be protected.

There are many ways to protect the surface of cast iron tools.  I’ve had good experiences with T-9 BoeShield or GlideCote, but I personally prefer using a furniture wax like Johnson Paste Wax, although MinWax and Renaissance Wax will work as well.  I like Johnson Paste Wax since it is softer, which means it applies easier and also buffs out a LOT easier than either MinWax or Renaissance.

You can use shop towels to apply the wax but you’ll have better luck with a cloth rag.  I try to always keep a Bag of Rags on hand.  These are just scraps of white tee shirts so if you have any shirts you’re just going to throw out you can use them for this instead.

Use the rag to scoop up a generous amount of the paste wax.

Apply the paste wax to the cast iron.  You don’t need to apply it in any particular fashion, just be sure to get it all over.

After you have the table top coated, let it sit for a while.  I usually let it sit for about 15 minutes.

You’ll know it’s ready to buff out when the paste wax gets a cloudy look to it.

Use a fresh rag to wipe the wax off and buff it out.  This can take some experimentation but the way I handle it is to use one rag to wipe the bulk of the wax off but I don’t worry about it looking good yet.  You’ll still have some streaks and maybe a few missed blobs of wax.  After that, I take another fresh rag and wipe it down to buff it out.  You’ll notice that when you first start buffing it, the table will be slightly “grabby” with the rag.  Just keep buffing.  You don’t really need to apply much pressure or buff in any particular direction, just go back-and-forth for a while to build up some friction.  You’ll find that eventually the table will get very slippery.  That means you’re done and ready to move on to the next section.

After you finish, I recommend that you apply at least two more coats of wax.